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Japanese to English - Rates: 0.15 - 0.20 USD per character / 36 - 48 USD per hour English to Japanese - Rates: 0.15 - 0.20 USD per word / 36 - 48 USD per hour
Translation - English Ochikuruya "Floating down" Haiku poems and explanatory text on kaishi paper
Matsuo Bashō (1644-1694)
Hanging scroll. Ink on paper
Genroku 2 (1689)
○山Hasegawa Collection
Yamadera Bashō Memorial Museum Collection
[Manuscript deciphered]
Two travelers in priest's guise [that is, Basho and Sora]
wanting to look down the back roads,
heading to Shinohara in Nasu and hurrying along their way to see "the killing stones,"
are forced to stop here because of the rain.
落ちくるや たかくの宿の 郭公
Ochikuru ya Takaku no shuku no Hototogisu
Floating down into this high stopping-place -- the cries of the cuckoo.
木の間をのぞく 短夜の雨 曾良
Ko no ma o nozoku Mijika yo no ame
Peeping though the trees, the rain of this short night. Verse added by Sora
Although it was not included in the book as published, this poem was written at the beginning of the "Narrow Road to the Deep North" trip on April 16, when Bashō stayed with Takaku Kakuzaemon, the village headman in Shinohara, Nasu. Perhaps Basho got the idea for this verse when rain was falling [ochiru落ちる] and he decided to stop at Takaku's. In the Japanese, "high" is also a pun on Takaku's name. Then when the cuckoo's call came floating down [ochikuru落ちくる] from the high skies perhaps he thought "Of course, because this bird is of this 'high place' [Takaku no shuku].
"The killing stones" which Bashō mentioned preceding the poem are said to be what remain from when the nine-tailed fox monster turned into stone when it was killed. The volcanic fumes in Nasu seem to be as toxic today as when Bashō described the phenomenon in the Oku no Hosomichi section on Saigyō's willow tree: "The poisonous vapors from the rocks are not yet extinguished. You can't even see the color of the ground with so many dead bees, butterflies and insects piled up there." Bashō wanted to see with his own eyes "the killing stones," which he also knew from a Noh play chant and libretto.
Uma ni nete "Asleep on a horse"
Haiku poem and explanatory text on kaishi paper
Matsuo Bashō (1644-1694)
Hanging scroll. Ink on paper
Jōkyō 1-4 (1684-87)
Yamadera Bashō Memorial Museum Collection
[Manuscript deciphered]
The moon past the twentieth night gives only a faint glimmer to see by
and the foot of the mountains is so dark
the horses go haltingly,
and I feel as if I might fall off at any moment,
although we have many miles to go
and not even the birds are up yet to cry the coming dawn.
I am trying to get back to the "remnants of my dream" like in Du Mu's "Early Morning Departure" poem but when we get to Sayō in Nakayama, I am startled awake.
馬に寝て 残夢月とおし 茶のけぶり Uma ni nete Zanmu tsuki tōshi Cha no keburi
Drowsing on horseback / the moon piercing leftover dreams / steam of morning tea
This verse and statement express what Bashō felt during his Nozarashi Kikkō [Weather-beaten Records] journey in August 1684 when he went to Sayō in Nakayama along the Tokaido. There are a verse and statements similar to this in the Nozarashi Kikkō but there are some differences between them.
The top part of the opening verse is the character "horse" but part of it seems to have been lost as it has been passed down to us.
Bashō's portrait at the bottom of the piece is the work of the late Edo period Buddhist monk called Gessen who was also active as a painter.
Japanese to English: Edited and proofed document on demographics and land use planning General field: Social Sciences Detailed field: Government / Politics
Source text - Japanese The Strategic Policy for Regional Revitalization in the Depopulated Areas in Japan Prof. Dr. Taketsugu Okawa (Yamagata Junior College, Japan)
Summary
While depopulated areas account for just 6 % of total population, they include around 40 % of all local government bodies and almost 50% of the entire area of Japan. We can observe that the major socioeconomic character of these areas is the rapid decline of the population in a very short time, especially in the younger generation just after graduation from middle school, high school or university. This phenomenon has occurred mainly since the 1960s, that is, during Japan’s period of high economic growth.
In this presentation I would like to summarize what I have learned from my 38 years of investigating some depopulated villages. Secondly I would like to show you the strategic policy for regional revitalization which I have often proposed in some towns and villages in Tohoku District, northern part of Japan.［ reference : Taketsugu Okawa, The Revitalization Theory and Practical Strategy (Chiiki-zukuri-ron in Japanese, Japan 2006) ］
Ⅰ Rapidly expanding of depopulated areas as a shadow phase in Japan
1-1: Outlook
As mentioned above, Japan's economic growth since the 1960s at the same time, has pulled out a lot of rural population from all over the Japan as labor force. As a result, the depopulated areas has been formed in all over the Japan, particularly in mountain regions. The Kaso-Mondai (Socio-economic issues of the depopulated areas in Japan) has already become very sever social and political issues since the latter of the 1960s especially in the western part of Japan. The share of the mountain regions in Japan has taken around 40 % of the whole arable land, 40 % of total number of farms, 40 % of total agricultural products and around 70 % of total land of Japan.
Talking about the Japanese mountainous regions, we should not think these mountainous regions as negligible area from the social and political point of view. Because nowadays, first of all these areas have been rapidly falling into the aged society consisted of aged people 65-years and over, secondly the Socioeconomic activities in these mountainous regions have been become so fragile, these mountainous regions have lost their energetic power so far. Figure 1 indicates the distribution map of depopulated areas in Japan.
Figure 1: Distribution map of depopulated areas in Japan (as of April 1, 1995)
Translation - English The Strategic Policy for Regional Revitalization in the Depopulated Areas in Japan Prof. Dr. Taketsugu Okawa (Yamagata Junior College, Japan)
Summary
While depopulated areas account for just 6 % of the total population, they include around 40 % of all local governmental bodies and almost 50% of the entire area of Japan. We can observe that the major socio-economic characteristic of these areas is the rapid decline of population in a very short time, especially in the younger generation just after graduation from middle school, high school or university. This phenomenon has occurred mainly since the 1960s, that is, during Japan’s period of high economic growth.
In this presentation I would like to summarize what I have learned from my 38 years of investigating some depopulated villages. Secondly, I would like to show you the strategic policy for regional revitalization which I have often proposed in some towns and villages in the Tohoku northern district of Japan.［ reference : Taketsugu Okawa, The Revitalization Theory and Practical Strategy (Chiiki-zukuri-ron in Japanese, Japan 2006) ］
Ⅰ Rapid expansion of depopulated areas as a shadow phase in Japan
1-1: Outlook
As mentioned above, Japan's economic growth since the 1960s pulled a lot of the rural population from all over Japan into the labor force. As a result, depopulated areas formed all over Japan, particularly in the mountain regions. The Kaso-Mondai (Socio-economic Problems of Depopulated Areas in Japan) had already become a serious social and political issue by the latter 1960’s , especially in the western part of Japan. The proportion of mountainous regions in Japan is around 40 % of the entire arable land, and includes 40 % of the total number of farms, thus 40 % of the total agricultural production and around 70 % of the total land of Japan.
Therefore, when we talk about the Japanese mountainous regions, we should not think of them as a negligible area, from a social and political point of view. In recent years, these areas have been rapidly changing with an aging society consisting of people 65-years and over, and secondly the socio-economic activities in these mountainous regions have become so fragile, these mountainous regions have lost their vigor. Figure 1 indicates the distribution map of depopulated areas in Japan.
Figure 1: Distribution map of depopulated areas in Japan (as of April 1, 1995)
Japanese to English: Hydrogen Peroxide Sterilization General field: Science Detailed field: Medical: Instruments
Source text - Japanese ３． 過酸化水素殺菌
３．１ 殺菌処理
危険 － 人的損傷の危険、汚染物や装置損傷の危険：Vaprox HC殺菌剤のみを用いて下さい。Vaprox HC殺菌剤は、特別に考案され、試験され、VHP殺菌システムで使用するための許可がおりています。他の殺菌剤を使用すると、装置の動作に支障をきたし、高い修理代を払い、殺菌のサイクルの効果を弱め、装置の保証を無効にするという結果を引き起こします。
Translation - English ３. HYDROGEN PEROXIDE STERILIZATION
3.1 The Sterilization Process
DANGER - PERSONAL INJURY, CONTAMINATED LOAD AND/OR EQUIPMENT DAMAGE HAZARD: Use only Vaprox HC sterilant which has been specially formulated, tested and approved for use in this VHP Sterilization System. Use of other sterilants could impair equipment operation, result in costly repairs, result in an ineffective sterilization cycle and void the equipment warranty.
The VHP 136 Low Temperature Sterilization System provides a low-temperature, simple, and reliable method for sterilization of instrument sets and instruments with rigid single stainless-steel lumens.
The VHP 136 Low Temperature Sterilization System uses a deep vacuum to deliver H202 sterilant vapor to all exposed surfaces inside the chamber. Because sterilization relies only on the contact of sterilant with exposed surfaces, the transfer of heat and moisture required by steam processes is not necessary.
H202 vapor is injected by volume, over a series of programmed pulses, to assure sterilization. Once the H202 vapor leaves the chamber, it is catalytically convertedinto harmless water vapor and oxygen.
For sterilization, note the following:
・ Prior to sterilization, all materials and articles must be thoroughly cleaned and dried (refer to APPENDIX A).
・ After sterilization, items should be stored in conditions that will not compromise the sterility barrier.
・ For sterilization of articles or materials not covered in this manual, contact the manufacturer of the article for recommended procedure.
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Translation education
Other - Waseda University, Tokyo
Experience
Years of experience: 34. Registered at ProZ.com: Sep 2010.
Resident way up north in Japan for eight years in Basho country, where he wrote the "Narrow Roads Through the Deep North," I did researchand writing on Basho and haiku while working at the Yamadera Basho Memorial Museum.
Translation is best completed as a team, I strongly believe from my experience, and I enjoy working with a number of Japanese native speakers, depending on the field, to polish a translation until we make sure it is completely accurate and current and serves the client's needs.
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